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Informational masking and the effects of differences in fundamental frequency and fundamental-frequency contour on phonetic integration in a formant ensemble

机译：信息掩蔽以及共振峰集合中基频和基频轮廓的差异对语音整合的影响

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This study explored the effects on speech intelligibility of across-formant differences in fundamental frequency (ΔF0) and F0 contour. Sentence-length speech analogues were presented dichotically (left=F1+F3; right=F2), either alone or—because competition usually reveals grouping cues most clearly—accompanied in the left ear by a competitor for F2 (F2C) that listeners must reject to optimize recognition. F2C was created by inverting the F2 frequency contour. In experiment 1, all left-ear formants shared the same constant F0 and ΔF0F2 was 0 or ±4 semitones. In experiment 2, all left-ear formants shared the natural F0 contour and that for F2 was natural, constant, exaggerated, or inverted. Adding F2C lowered keyword scores, presumably because of informational masking. The results for experiment 1 were complicated by effects associated with the direction of ΔF0F2; this problem was avoided in experiment 2 because all four F0 contours had the same geometric mean frequency. When the target formants were presented alone, scores were relatively high and did not depend on the F0F2 contour. F2C impact was greater when F2 had a different F0 contour from the other formants. This effect was a direct consequence of the associated ΔF0; the F0F2 contour per se did not influence competitor impact.
机译：这项研究探讨了基本频率（ΔF0）和F0等高线的跨界差异对语音清晰度的影响。单独或由于竞争通常最清晰地显示分组提示而分辩地介绍了句子长度的语音类似物（左= F1 + F3；右= F2），而在竞争对手的F2C（F2C）竞争者的陪伴下，左耳则伴随着听众必须拒绝的情况。优化识别。通过反转F2频率轮廓来创建F2C。在实验1中，所有左耳共振峰共享相同的常数F0，而ΔF0F2为0或±4个半音。在实验2中，所有左耳共振峰都共享自然的F0轮廓，而F2的轮廓是自然的，恒定的，夸张的或倒置的。添加F2C降低了关键字得分，这可能是由于信息屏蔽所致。实验1的结果由于与ΔF0F2方向有关的影响而变得复杂；在实验2中避免了这个问题，因为所有四个F0轮廓都具有相同的几何平均频率。当单独出现目标共振峰时，得分相对较高，并且不取决于F0F2轮廓。当F2具有与其他共振峰不同的F0轮廓时，F2C的影响更大。这种影响是相关的ΔF0的直接结果。 F0F2轮廓本身并不影响竞争对手的影响。

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